Vocab: nõudma - to demand
to demand; to require; to insist; to state a wish or desire very firmly; to hope, to expect; to be required for something; (to be) in demand (for goods and services that many people want to buy)
Building blocks
nõud- → comes from the noun nõu, which can mean advice, intention, will
-ma → infinitive ending
So nõudma literally means something like “to insist on something being done” aka “to make a demand.”
How to use it
What to remember
What you demand is in the Partitive case (third base form)
Whom you demand something from is in the Ablative Case (ending -lt)
See the example below ⬇️
Examples
Arutelu nõuab kõigi osalejate aktiivset panust
Literally: “Discussion requires all participants active contribution”
Idiomatically: “The discussion requires the active participation of all participants”
Arutelu - Noun - Nominative Singular: “Discussion”
nõuab - Verb - 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense: “requires”
kõigi - Pronun - Genitive Plural: “all”
osalejate - Noun - Genitive Plural: “participants”
aktiivset - Adjective - Partitive Singular: “active”
panust - Noun - Partitive Singular: “contribution/participation”Õpilased nõuavad õpetajalt lisamaterjale
Literally: “Students demand teacher-from additional-materials”
Idiomatically: “The students demand additional materials from the teacher”
Õpilased - Noun - Nominative Plural: "Students"
nõuavad - Verb - 3rd Person Plural, Present Tense: "demand"
õpetajalt - Noun - Ablative Singular: "from teacher"
lisamaterjale - Noun - Partitive Plural: "additional materials"