Grammar: Abessive - without

The Abessive expresses the lack of something and is translated with "without"

There last bunch of cases, unfortunately, doesn’t follow any patterns:

• the “Abessive” (Estonian: “ilmaütlev” - “without saying”): translates as “without”

• the “Terminative” (Estonian: “rajav”): up to/until something

• the “Comitative” (Estonian: “kaasaütlev” - “with saying”): together with somebody/something

In this article, we’re taking a detailed look at the Abessive case 👇